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FUNERAL  CHORALS 

OF  THE 

UNITAS    FRATRUM 

OR 

MORAVIAN  CHURCH 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2013 


http://archive.org/details/choralsofOOmora 


THE  TROMBONE  CHOIR. 


Among  the  beautiful  customs  which  the  modern  Moravian  Church 
has  inherited  from  the  fervent  days  in  Herrnhut  in  the  Zinzendorf  era, 
there  is  none  more  distinctive  or  more  beautiful  than  the  use  of  trom- 
bones and  other  wind  instruments  to  announce  the  death  of  a  member 
of  the  Moravian  Church,  and  to  accompany  the  burial  services. 

Probably  the  custom  was  a  gradual  growth,  keeping  pace  with  the 
development  of  the  Moravian  congregations,  and  their  division  into 
"Choirs,"  a  term  which  was  not  only  used  to  signify  a  company  of 
singers,  but  also  certain  other  groups  of  persons  who  were  closely 
banded  together  by  mutual  interests  for  a  common  purpose.  Thus  the 
association  of  trombonists  was  known  as  the  Trombone  Choir,  while 
the  Congregation  itself  was  divided  into  choirs  of  married  people, 
widows,  and  widowers,  the  choir  of  "single  brethren"  or  unmarried 
men  over  eighteen  years  of  age,  the  choir  of  "older  boys"  between 
fourteen  and  eighteen  years  old,  the  similar  choirs  of  "single  sisters" 
and  "older  girls,"  and  the  choir  of  children. 

Just  when  trombones  were  introduced  into  Herrnhut  does  not  appear. 
The  first  Easter  service  on  the  graveyard,  at  four  o'clock  in  the  morn- 
ing of  April  13,  1732,  consisted  of  songs,  and  there  is  no  record  of 
instrumental  music,  but  the  Moravian  emigrants  to  Georgia  in  1735 
took  trombones  and  French  horns.  The  diary  of  the  Moravian  Con- 
gregation in  Savannah  does  not  say  how  the  trombones  were  used,  but 
does  state  that  when  the  Indian  Chief  Tomochichi  died,  the  Moravians 
refused  a  request  from  General  Oglethorpe  to  furnish  trombone  music 
at  his  funeral, — an  idea  which  would  scarcely  have  occurred  to  the 
General  had  the  Moravians  not  so  accompanied  the  interment  of  their 
own  dead. 

The  origin  of  the  announcement  of  a  member's  death  by  the  trom- 
bones is  also  obscure.  It  was  practiced  in  many  of  the  German  State 
churches  where  it  corresponded  to  the  tolling  of  bells  elsewhere,  and 
since  there  were  so  many  distinct  "Choirs"  in  the  Moravian  Congre- 
gation, it  was  natural  that  a  special  tune  should  come  to  be  assigned  to 


each.  Rev.  C.  A.  Haehnle,  of  Nazareth,  Pa.,  suggests  that  the  schedule 
of  tunes  may  have  been  arranged  by  Christian  Gregor,  a  hymn-writer 
and  skilled  musician,  who  joined  the  Unitas  Fratrum  in  1742,  served 
various  congregations  as  organist  until  1764,  and  filled  important  offices 
until  his  death  in  1801.  At  least  it  seems  safe  to  say  that  the  use  of 
trombones  at  funerals  was  established  prior  to  1736,  and  that  the  sys- 
tem of  announcement  hymns  was  elaborated  before  Zinzendorf's  death 
in  1760.  The  full  set  of  tunes  and  stanzas  was  printed  in  the  German 
Moravian  Liturgy  Book  of  1791,  and  subsequent  editions,  but  they  may 
well  have  been  used  long  before  that  time. 

The  use  of  trombones  is  not  universal  throughout  the  modern  Mora- 
vian Church.  There  are  no  Trombone  Choirs  in  the  English  and  many 
of  the  American  congregations,  nor  on  the  mission  fields,  but  wherever 
there  is  such  a  choir  the  music  is  highly  prized,  not  only  in  connection 
with  funerals  but  for  the  Easter  services  and  other  special  occasions. 
The  Moravian  churches  in  Germany,  and  certain  in  America,  cherish 
their  Trombone  Choirs,  and  with  one  exception  all  are  still  using  the 
tunes  selected  in  Herrnhut  in  the  eighteenth  century  to  announce  the 
death  of  a  member  of  the  Congregation.  In  the  stanzas  associated 
with  those  tunes  there  have  been  some  changes  from  time  to  time,  but 
practically  none  in  the  thoughts  expressed.  The  German  stanzas  have 
been  published  in  Liturgy  Books  of  various  dates,  while  translations  by 
Rev.  C.  A.  Haehnle  were  printed  in  The  Moravian  about  1882.  Other 
translations  by  Mr.  F.  W.  Detterer,  revised  by  Rt.  Rev.  J.  Mortimer 
Levering,  appear  in  The  Hand-book  of  the  Moravian  Congregation  of 
Bethlehem,  1891 ;  and  the  stanzas  used  at  Lititz  are  given  on  a  card 
issued  in  1902.  On  the  following  pages  appear  the  stanzas  now  ac- 
cepted in  Herrnhut,  Bethlehem,  and  Salem,  as  representing  the  German 
and  the  American  Moravian  Churches. 

The  announcement  of  a  death  has  three  distinct  features.  The 
Trombone  Choir,  stationed  in  the  belfry  or  before  the  Church,  plays  a 
tune,  the  associated  stanza  referring  to  the  departure  of  a  member  of 
the  Congregation.  This  is  followed  by  a  tune  which  indicates  to  which 
"Choir"  of  the  Congregation  the  deceased  belonged,  the  married  breth- 
ren, married  sisters,  widowers,  widows,  single  brethren,  single  sisters, 
older  boys,  older  girls,  little  boys,  and  little  girls  each  having  a  special 
tune  and  stanza.  After  this  the  first  tune  is  repeated,  but  with  refer- 
ence to  another  stanza,  one  which  reminds  the  hearer  that  the  Death 
Angel  will  some  dav  come  to  him. 


t 


From  the  first  there  was  much  latitude  allowed  as  to  the  hymns 
used  during  the  burial  services,  various  chorals  being  rendered  when 
the  congregation  assembled  in  front  of  the  church  after  the  funeral 
discourse,  as  the  procession  passed  to  the  graveyard,  and  during  the 
interment.  The  chorals  which  follow  are  used  in  Salem,  North  Caro- 
lina, at  the  present  time,  and  they  are  given  to  complete  the  series,  and 
to  show  the  faith  and  hope  in  which  departing  members  are  laid  to  rest 
in  the  quiet  squares  of  the  Moravian  "God's  Acre." 

Adelaide  L.  Fries. 

Winston-Salem,  N.  C.  1905. 


ANNOUNCEMENT  OF  DEATH. 


The  first  choral  is  the  same  for  all  Choirs.     It  has  special  reference 
to  the  departed. 

Time  151  A. 


PASSION  CHORALE.  \     /--,«,---  JarnMn  x 

O  Haupt  voll  Blut  und  Wunden  J    (7>  6»  7»  6>  7>  6>  7»  6>  Iambic.) 


/  Popular  Melody ; 


.Hans  Leo  Hassler.  1601. 


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Valet  will  ich  dir  geben, 

Du  arge,  falsche  Welt, 
Dein  siindlich  boses  Leben 

Durchaus  mir  nicht  gefallt. 
Im  Himmel  ist  gut  wohnen, 

Hinauf  steht  mein  Begier ; 
Da  wird  Gott  ewig  lohnen 

Dem,  der  Ihm  dient  allhier. 
German  Moravian  Hymn  Book 
No.  1 167,  1. 

A  pilgrim,  us  preceding, 

Departs  unto  his  home, 
The  final  summons  heeding 

Which  soon  to  all  must  come. 
O  joy !  the  chains  to  sever 

Which  burden  pilgrims  here, 
To  dwell  with  Christ  forever, 

Who  to  our  souls  is  dear. 


V.  Herberger. 


Translated  from  the  Liturgy  Book 
of  1823.  6 


F.  W.  Detterer. 


i 


CHOIR  CHORALS. 


The  second  choral  indicates  the  Choir  to  which  the  departed  be- 
longed. 

MARRIED  BRETHREN. 


Tune  83  D. 

CONFIDENCE.  )     „  8  7  8  7  7  Trochaic.) 


Johann  Cruder,  1648. 


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Jesus  Christus  lasst  mich  nicht ! 

Dessen  freut  sich  meine  Seele 
Mit  lebend'ger  Zuversicht ; 

Und  auch  meine  Leibeshohle 
Nimmt  den  Trost  ins  Grab  hinein, 

Dass  sie  Ihm  wird  ahnlich  sein. 


Liturgy  Book  of  1791. 

German  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  No.  1164,  3. 


Christian  Gregor. 


Jesus  ne'er  forsaketh  me: 

This  my  spirit  greatly  cheereth, 

And  my  constant  trust  shall  be. 

Yea,  though  death  at  length  appeareth, 

Herein  precious  comfort  lies, 
I  shall  in  His  image  rise. 
Translated  from  above.  F.  W.  Detterer. 


Innsbruck,  ich  musz  dich  lassen.  )    K 


MARRIED  SISTERS. 

Tune  /p  A. 

8,  8,  8,  Iambic.)  Heinrieh  Isaak,  c  1490. 


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Sein  Seufzen  und  Sein  Stohnen, 
Und  die  viel  tausend  Thranen, 

Die  Ihm  geflossen  zu, 
Die  sollen  mich  am  Ende 
In  Seinem  Schoss  und  Hande 
Begleiten  zu  der  ew'gen  Ruh. 
Liturgy  Book  of  1791.  Paul  Gerhardt. 

German  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  No.  91,  16. 


His  plea  amid  deep  sighing, 
'Mid  bitter  tears  and  crying, 

My  soul  with  peace  hath  blest. 
Be  this  my  consolation 
When,  thanks  to  His  salvation, 

I  enter  into  lasting  rest. 


Translated  from  the  Liturgy  Book 
of  1823. 


F.  W.  Detterer. 


WIDOWERS. 


Tune  132  A. 

DECIUS.    [ELBERFELD.]  \     ,Q  -  Q  -  „  „  -  TaYnMn*    /Valentin  Schumann's  Leipziger 

Allein  Gott  in  der  Hoeh'  set  Ehr\  J     (8»  "•  8»  7»  8>  °>  7>  J-amDic.)     -^  Qesangbuch,  1539. 

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Gutes  und  die  Barmherzigkeit 
Machen  mir's  hier  ertraglich, 

Dass  ich  kann  haben  meine  Freud', 
Am  Haus  des  Herren  taglich, 

Auf  Erd'  in  christlichen  Gemein' ; 

Und  wenn  ich  heim  darf ,  werd  ich  sein 
Bei  Christo,  meinem  Herren. 
Liturgy  Book  of  1791. 


C.  Becker. 


His  goodness  and  His  mercies  all 

Will  follow  me  for  ever ; 
And  Til  pursue  my  heavenly  call 

To  cleave  to  my  dear  Saviour, 
And  to  the  Church,  His  body  here ; 
And  when  called  home,  I  shall  live  there 
With  Christ,  my  soul's  Redeemer. 
American  Moravian  Hymn  Book, 
Edition  of  1864,  No.  375,  4. 


WIDOWS. 

Tune  149,  A. 

^McStedich, mein  Geist,  bereit. }    7>  6>  7«  6»  3>  3« 6>  6'  Trochaic.)  Johann  RosenmueUer,  1655. 


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Schickt  das  Herze  da  hinein 

Alle  Seine  Kranken, 
Wo  ihr  ewig  wiinscht  zu  sein ! 

Sinnen  und  Gedanken, 
Weichet  nicht  von  dem  Licht, 

Das  dort  droben  scheinet, 

Wo  man  nicht  mehr  weinet. 


Liturgy  Book  of  1791. 

German  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  No.  1165,  I. 


Luise  von  Hayn. 


Lift  thy  heart,  oh  weary  soul, 

To  the  heavenly  mansion, 
On  yon  height,  thy  chosen  goal, 

Fix  thy  whole  attention. 
Ne'er  lose  sight  of  the  light 

Which  from  heaven  He  sendeth, 

Where  all  sorrow  endeth. 
Translated  from  above.  F.  W.  Detterer. 


10 


i 


SINGLE  BRETHREN. 


Tune  185  A. 


GREGOR'S  18STH  METRE.  (A.) 
Strr  und  JEltster  JJeiner  Kreuzgcmeine. 


\  (10, 7, 10, 7, 10, 10, 7,  7,  f  Popular  Melody,  a  1740 ; 

J    Trochaic.)  \  improved  by  Gregor  and  others. 


Einig  Herze,  das  soil  meine  Weide 

Und  schon  hier  mein  Himmel  sein, 
Dir  zu  leben,  dir  allein  zur  Freude, 

Leib  und  Seele  dir  zu  weih'n. 
Bin  ich  gleich  kein  Held,  viel  auszustehen, 
Mag  mir's  darum  gleichwohl  immer  gehen, 

Blutges  Herze,  wie  du  willst, 

Bis  ich  meinen  Lauf  erfiillt. 


German  Moravian  Hymn  Book, 
No.  917,  I. 


Zinzendorf. 


Faithful  Lord,  my  only  joy  and  pleasure 

Shall  remain,  while  here  I  stay, 
Thee,  my  matchless  Friend  and  highest  Treasure, 

To  adore,  serve  and  obey; 
Though  I  in  myself  am  weak  and  feeble, 
Yet  I  trust  Thy  grace  will  me  enable 

By  obedience  to  Thy  will 

All  Thy  purpose  to  fulfill. 
American  Moravian  Hymn  Book, 
Edition  of  1864,  No.  724,  2. 


11 


SINGLE  5I5TER5. 

Tune  37  A. 

GREGOR'S  37TH  METBK  \     ,-mgtmmmmm„      „   . 

Das  wahre  Christenthum.  )     (6,  5,  6,  5, 6,  5,  6, 5,  Iambic.) 

4- 


Grimm's  Chorale  Book,  1755. 

4-U 


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Hier  bleibt  indes  mein  Los, 

Inn  nachzuwallen, 
Und  meine  Sorge  bloss 

Ihm  zu  gefallen. 
Und  dabei  wart  ich  Sein 

Mit  Herzverlangen, 
Bis  Er  in  obern  Reihn 

Mich  wird  empfangen. 
German  Moravian  Hymn  Book, 
No.  1 1 50. 


Christian  Gregor. 


My  happy  lot  is  here 

The  Lamb  to  follow ; 
Be  this  my  only  care 

Each  step  to  hallow, 
And  thus  await  the  time 

When  Christ  my  Saviour 
Will  call  me  hence,  with  Him 

To  live  forever. 


American  Moravian  Hymn  Book, 
Edition  of  1864,  No.  943. 


12 


OLDER  BOYS. 


Tune  23 

UPSALA.II.    (The  usual  form.)    (8,  8,  3,  8,  Trochaic.) 

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Johann  Crueger,  1649. 


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Christi  Tod  erfiill  hienieden 
Mich  schon  friih  mit  Seinen  Frieden, 
Dass  ich  einst  darauf  mit  Freuden 
Konne  von  der  Welt  abscheiden. 
Slightly  altered  from  the 
Liturgy  Book  of  1791. 

Jesus'  grace  me  here  possessing, 
Early  with  His  peace  me  blessing, 
My  soul  knows  nor  fear  nor  sadness, 
Seeks  its  final  home  with  gladness. 


Translation  of  above. 


F.  W.  Detterer. 


L3 


OLDER  GIRLS. 

Tune  14,  A. 


ESSLINGEN.  \     ,r  „  v 

Nun  sich  der  Tag  geendet  fiat,  j     V-"  ■ua--' 


Adam  Krieger,  1667. 


Herr  Jesu,  Deine  Gnadenwahl 

Befordre  meinen  Lauf. 
Nimm  meinen  Namen  in  die  Zahl 
Der  Kinder  Gottes  auf. 
German  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  ZinzendorF. 

No.  604,  7. 

Lord  Jesus,  let  Thy  grace  abound, 

Me  onward  still  direct; 
Oh,  Saviour,  may  my  name  be  found 

Among  Thine  own  elect. 
Translated  from  above.  F.  W.  DETTER3R. 


14 


1 


LITTLE  BOYS. 

Tune  39,  A. 

GREGOR'S  39TH  METRE,  (A.)  1     (12f 12, 12, 12,  or  11, 11 11, 11,  Anapaestic  )  Moravian. 

Ich  ruehme  mieh  einztg.  ) 

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Was  ist  denn  fur  Kinder  das  Beste  auf  Erden? 
Fruh  Schaflein  des  ewigen  Hirten  zu  werden; 
Die  weidet  Er  hier  schon  auf  seliger  Weide 
Und  droben  bei  Sich  in  unendlicher  Freude. 
Liturgy  Book  of  1823. 

The  Lord  to  His  fold  little  children  inviteth, 
His  bounty  the  lambs  of  His  pasture  delighteth; 
E'en  here  the  Good  Shepherd  provides  ample  pleasures, 
Above,  in  His  presence,  are  unfading  treasures. 

Translation  of  above.  F.  W.  Detterer. 


15 


i 


LITTLE  GIRLS. 


Tune  82.  D. 


SSSdg'SSS  WaSSi  *ind.  }    <7'  7> 8'  8-  7- 7>  Trochaic.)  Grimm's  Chorale  Book,  1755. 


Sollt  ich  nun  nicht  frohlich  sein, 
Ich  begliicktes  Schaf  elein  ? 
Denn  nach  diesen  schonen  Tagen 
Werd  ich  endlich  heimgetragen 
In  des  Hirten  Arm  und  Schoss, 
Amen !  ja,  mein  Gliick  ist  gross ! 

Liturgy  Book  of  1791.  Luisk  von  Hayn. 

German  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  No.  844,  3. 

Should  not  I  for  gladness  leap, 
Led  by  Jesus,  as  His  sheep  ? 
For  when  these  blest  days  are  over, 
To  the  arms  of  my  dear  Saviour 
I  shall  be  conveyed  to  rest ; 
Amen,  yea,  my  lot  is  blest. 
American  Moravian  Hymn  Book, 
No.  366,  3. 


16 


i 


CLOSING  ANNOUNCEMENT  CHORAL. 


The  third  choral  is  the  same  for  all  Choirs.     It  has  special  reference 
to  the  living. 


Tune  151,  A. 

PASSION  CHOBALE.  \,nc»c»e-*T      kix 

0  Eaupt  voll  Blut  und  Wunden  f    <7- 6. 7»  6»  7» 6» 7»  6»  Iambic.) 


f  Popular  Melody 


Hans  Leo  Hassler.  1601. 


Wenn  ich  einmal  soil  scheiden, 

So  scheide  nicht  von  mir ; 
Wenn  ich  den  Tod  soil  leiden, 

So  tritt  Du  dann  herfiir ; 
Wenn  mir  am  allerbangsten 

Wird  um  das  Herze  sein, 
So  reiss  mich  aus  den  Aengsten 
Kraft  Deiner  Angst  und  Pein. 

Paul  Gerhardt. 
German  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  Translated  from  the  Latin  of 

No.  108,  9.  Bernard  of  Clairvaux. 

Lord,  when  I  am  departing, 

Oh  !  part  Thou  not  from  me ! 
When  mortal  pangs  are  darting, 

Then  call  me  home  to  Thee ! 
Thy  death's  atoning  merit 

From  death  hath  set  me  free ; 
Thus  saved,  I  shall  inherit 

Eternal  life  in  Thee. 

J.  W.  Alexander,  and 
Translated  from  above.  17  F.  W.  Detterer. 


FOR  BURIAL  SERVICES  AT  SALEM,  N.  C. 


IN  FRONT  OF  THE  CHURCH. 

Tune  151,  A. 


PASSION  CHORALE.  \,~e»c»c»eT      *>■% 

O  Haupt  voll  Blut  und  Wunden.  J    (7>  6»  7«  6>  7>  6»  7»  6>  Iambic.) 


("Popular  Melody; 


Hans  Leo  Hassler,  1601. 


151,  A.  U  ^  ,  1  ^ 


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Grant  me  to  lean  unshaken 

Upon  Thy  faithfulness, 
Until  I  hence  am  taken, 
To  see  Thee  face  to  face. 
American  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  Bernard  of  Clairvaux. 

No.  120,  2,  second  half. 


18 


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ENTERING  CEDAR  AVENUE. 

Tune  1 68,  A. 

jfst,  meines  Lebens  Leben, }  (*>  7» 8, 7. 8,8, 7, 7,  Trochaic.)  Darmsfcedter  Cantional,  W.  C.  Brlegel,1887. 


168,A.    _  |  .  _   J* 


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Jesus,  Source  of  my  salvation, 
Conqueror  both  of  death  and  hell, 

Thou  Who  didst  as  my  Oblation, 
Feel  what  I  deserve  to  feel, 

Through  Thy  sufferings,  death  and  merit, 
I  eternal  life  inherit; 

Thousand,  thousand  thanks  to  Thee, 

Dearest  Lord,  for  ever  be. 
American  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  E.  C.  Homburg. 

No.  131,  1. 


19 


1 


ENTERING  THE  GRAVEYARD. 


Tune  205,  A. 

GREGOR'S  205TH  METRE.  \     (7,  7,  7,  7,  7,  7,  7,  7,  or  3,  4,  8,  3,  4, 8,  7,  7,  7.  7,    ciaUde  Goudimel  1562. 
Qeht,erhcehtdieMaoest(Et.    J        Trochaic.)  ciauae  uouaimei,  iooa 

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Jesus,  lover  of  my  soul, 

Let  me  to  Thy  bosom  fly, 
While  the  raging  billows  roll, 

While  the  tempest  still  is  high ; 
Hide  me,  O  my  Saviour,  hide, 

Till  the  storm  of  life  is  past ; 
Safe  into  the  haven  guide: 

O  receive  my  soul  at  last. 
American  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  Charges  Wesley. 

No.  364,  I. 


20 


DURING  THE  INTERMENT. 

Tune  14,  A. 


ESSLINGEN.  1     ,r  „ , 

Nun  sich  der  Tag  geendet  hat.  j     ^"  JM-'' 


Adam  Krieger,  1667. 


Now  to  the  earth  let  these  remains 

In  hope  committed  be ; 
Until  the  body,  changed,  attains 
Blest  immortality. 
American  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  Gottfried  Neumann. 

No.  878,  3. 


21 


1 


AT  CLOSE  OF  SERVICE. 


Tune  22,  A. 


GREGOR'S  22D  METRE.    (22,  A.)  >     n    „  v 
Die  Seele  Christi  heiUge  mich.         J     *■**  JB*' 


Aureliue  Prudentius  Clemens,  +  405. 
Georg  Rhaws  Schul  Gesangbuch,  1544. 


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The  Saviour's  blood  and  righteousness 
My  beauty  is,  my  glorious  dress, 
Thus  well  arrayed,  I  need  not  fear, 
When  in  His  presence  I  appear. 
American  Moravian  Hymn  Book,  Paul  Eber. 

No.  302,  1. 


22 


, 


LEAVING  THE  GRAVEYARD. 

The  tune  indicating  the  Choir  of  the  departed  is  used. 
(  See  pages  7  to  16.  ) 


CLOSING. 

Tune  159,  A. 


GREGOR'S  159TH  METRE.  \   /aaacaaac  To™^?„  \    /  Popular  Melody ;  adopted 

Dm-  Sabbath  ist  urn's  Menschen  xvilTru  /    (*».  6»  8'  6»  8»  8»  8»  6»  Iambic.)    | Dy  thQ  Moravian  Church. 


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'Tis  the  most  blest  and  needful  part 

To  have  in  Christ  a  share, 
And  to  commit  our  way  and  heart 

Unto  His  faithful  care; 
This  done,  our  steps  are  safe  and  sure, 

Our  hearts'  desires  are  rendered  pure, 
And  naught  can  pluck  us  from  His  hand, 
Which  leads  us  to  the  end. 

Christian  Renatus  von  Zinzendorf. 
American  Moravian  Hymn  Book, 
No.  402,  1. 


23 


